2. Signaling Pathways
  3. MAPK/ERK Pathway
  4. p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

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The p38 MAPK family consists of highly conserved proline-directed serine-threonine protein kinases that are activated in response to a number many growth factors, cytokines, and chemotactic substances, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), PDGF, TNF, interleukins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). It is well known that p38 is involved in inflammation, apoptosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell differentiation.

The p38 MAPK family is composed of four proteins: p38α (encoded by the gene Mapk14), p38β (Mapk11), p38γ (Mapk12), and p38δ (Mapk13). Their coding genes have a distinct tissue distribution and they appear differentially expressed, being Mapk14 the most highly expressed. p38 MAPKs are substrates for three MAP2K (MKK6, MKK3, and MKK4). The contribution of each of these MAP2K to p38 MAPKs activation depends on the stimulus and the cell type. The MAP3Ks that lead to p38 MAPKs activation are ASK1, DLK1, TAK1, TAO1, TAO2, TPL2, MLK3, MEKK3, MEKK4, and ZAK1.

p38 MAPK Isoform Specific Products:

p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-171292
    CK1δ-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    CK1δ-IN-9 (Compound 8) is the inhibitor for casein kinase 1 that inhibits CK1δ with IC50 of 1.4 nM. CK1δ-IN-9 inhibits p38α and p38β with IC50 of 0.25 μM and 0.78 μM. CK1δ-IN-9 exhibits pharmacokinetic characteristics with a good oral bioavailability (70%) and a moderate clearance.
    CK1δ-IN-9
  • HY-175841
    Tau Protein Phosphorylation-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    Tau Protein Phosphorylation-IN-1 is a tau protein phosphorylation inhibitor that potently protects PC12 cells against Aβ25–35-induced cytotoxicity (EC50 = 1.93 μM), and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB).Tau Protein Phosphorylation-IN-1 reverses the hyperphosphorylation of tau, significantly inhibits the expression of certain immune-related cytotoxic factors, suppresses the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, and significantly inhibits the expression of RAGE and the apoptosis factors Bax/Bcl-2, both in vitro and in vivo. Tau Protein Phosphorylation-IN-1 relieves nerve damage, and improves learning and memory in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model. Tau Protein Phosphorylation-IN-1 can be used for AD research.
    Tau Protein Phosphorylation-IN-1
  • HY-118626
    PD-254552
    		Inhibitor
    PD-254552 is a MEK inhibitor. PD-254552 exhibits hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity in mice.
    PD-254552
  • HY-180112
    SH543
    		Inhibitor
    SH543 is a potent anti-osteoporosis agent. SH543 inhibits nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis with an IC50 of 3.3 nM. SH543 directly binds to KEAP1, activates the Nrf2-HO-1 antioxidant pathway, reduces ROS levels, and inhibits PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. SH543 attenuates pathological bone loss in ovariectomized mice. SH543 can be used for osteoporosis research.
    SH543
  • HY-P11214
    Hydrostatin-TL1
    		Inhibitor
    Hydrostatin-TL1 (H-TL1), a nine-amino-acid peptide, is a TNF-α antagonist. Hydrostatin-TL1 can be isolated from the venom gland of sea snake Hydrophis cyanocinctus. H-TL1 competitively inhibits the interaction between TNF-α/TNFR1 and attenuates the cytotoxicity and inflammation of TNF-α. Hydrostatin-TL1 can be used for TNF-α-associated inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) research.
    Hydrostatin-TL1
  • HY-N8529
    Eupalestin
    		Inhibitor
    Eupalestin is an anti-inflammatory agent. Eupalestin reduces the levels of p-p65 NF-κB and p-p38 MAPK. Eupalestin inhibits MPO and adenosine deaminase. Eupalestin decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-17A, IL-6, TNF and IFN-γ. Eupalestin exerts anti-inflammatory activity in a carrageenan (HY-125474)-induced mouse pleurisy model.
    Eupalestin
  • HY-N18025
    Kaempferol 3-O-(2G-glucosylrutinoside)-7-O-glucoside
    		Inhibitor
    Kaempferol 3-O-(2G-glucosylrutinoside)-7-O-glucoside is an anti-inflammatory agent. Kaempferol 3-O-(2G-glucosylrutinoside)-7-O-glucoside exerts significant anti-inflammatory effects in LPS (HY-D1056)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages by inhibiting the NF-κB, MAPK and Akt signaling pathways, thereby reducing the production of inflammatory mediators (NO, PGE2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6).
    Kaempferol 3-O-(2G-glucosylrutinoside)-7-O-glucoside
  • HY-168567
    RIPK2-IN-6
    		Inhibitor
    RIPK2-IN-6 (Compound 15a) is an inhibitor for RIPK, that inhibits the phosphorylation of RIPK2, and thus inhibits the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. RIPK2-IN-6 exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities in Dextran sodium sulfate (HY-116282C)-induced mice colitis models.
    RIPK2-IN-6
  • HY-129138R
    Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside (chloride) (HY-129138). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride is an anthocyanin. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride inhibits inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6) expression and NO production. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT3, IκB, ERK, p38, and AKT. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride inhibits high pressure-induced decrease in GLAST. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride exerts anti-inflammatory and skin barrier modulating effects. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride can be used in retinal research.
    Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride (Standard)
  • HY-N12466
    3′-O-Demethyl-4′-N-demethyl-4′-N-acetyl-4′-epi-staurosporine
    		Inhibitor
    3′-O-Demethyl-4′-N-demethyl-4′-N-acetyl-4′-epi-staurosporine (Compound 7) is an inhibitor of protein kinases, with IC50s of 0.092, 0.26, 0.77 μM for PKC-α, ROCK, ASK1. 3′-O-Demethyl-4′-N-demethyl-4′-N-acetyl-4′-epi-staurosporine shows potent cytotoxicity against PC-3 cancer cells with an IC50 value of 0.16 μM.
    3′-O-Demethyl-4′-N-demethyl-4′-N-acetyl-4′-epi-staurosporine
  • HY-181098
    FKA-9i
    		Inhibitor
    FKA-9i is an orally active anticancer agent. FKA-9i directly binds to and promotes the degradation of oncoproteins LRPPRC (kd: 7.387 μM), YBX1 (kd: 16.52 μM) and RPN1 (kd: 26.82 μM). FKA-9i inhibits the MAPK signaling pathway and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. FKA-9i also induces cancer cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS accumulation. FKA-9i can be used in the research of tumors such as gastric cancer.
    FKA-9i
  • HY-134000
    Emodic acid
    		Inhibitor 98.00%
    Emodic acid (NSC624610) is an anthraquinone compound isolated from A. microcarpus, which can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB. Emodic acid can also inhibit the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK, the secretion of tumor-promoting cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, and the expression of VEGF and MMP, thereby inhibiting the invasion and migration potential of cancer cells.
    Emodic acid
  • HY-N6189
    MBL-1
    		Inhibitor
    MBL-1 is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent. MBL-1 can be isolated from the fermentation broth of Aspergillus sp. derived from gorgonians. MBL-1 inhibits the activity of the hCOX-2 protein with an IC50 of 5.77 μM. MBL-1 reduces the production of key pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, ROS, IL-1β and IL-18 by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways. MBL-1 exerts a protective effect against DSS-induced colitis. MBL-1 can be used for the research of ulcerative colitis.
    MBL-1
  • HY-179517
    ASK1-IN-12
    		Inhibitor
    ASK1-IN-12 is an ASK1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.3 nM. ASK1-IN-12 inhibits TNF-α-induced activation of the ASK1-p38/JNK pathway. ASK1-IN-12 can reduce free fatty acid-induced cholesterol increase, lipid droplet accumulation and improves hepatocellular steatosis. ASK1-IN-12 can be used for the research of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
    ASK1-IN-12
  • HY-149496
    Akt/NF-κB/MAPK-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    Akt/NF-κB/MAPK-IN-1 (compound 2m) is a potent and orally active inhibitor against NO (IC50=7.70 μM) with no significant toxicity. Akt/NF-κB/MAPK-IN-1 shows anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting Akt/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
    Akt/NF-κB/MAPK-IN-1
  • HY-139844
    Anti-inflammatory agent 7
    		Inhibitor
    Anti-inflammatory agent 7 inhibits proinflammatory cytokines by blocking the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells as well as mice.
    Anti-inflammatory agent 7
  • HY-171290
    Casein kinase 1δ-IN-31
    		Inhibitor
    Casein kinase 1δ-IN-31 (Compound 16) is the inhibitor for casein kinase (CK) that inhibits CK1α, CK1δ, and p38α with IC50s of 196, 17, and 18 nM, respectively. Casein kinase 1δ-IN-31 inhibits Double Homeobox 4 (DUX4) with IC50 of 1200 nM.
    Casein kinase 1δ-IN-31
  • HY-105854
    Pipoxolan hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    Pipoxolan hydrochloride is an anti-spasmotic agent. Pipoxolan hydrochloride induces Apoptosis, increases intracellular ROS. Pipoxolan hydrochloride down-regulates phosphorylation JNK and p38, and then, MMP-2 and -9. Pipoxolan hydrochloride relieves smooth muscle spasms in the digestive, urinary, and gynecological systems. Pipoxolan hydrochloride also exhibits anticancer activity against leukemia, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma.
    Pipoxolan hydrochloride
  • HY-N1500S1
    Pulegone-d8
    		Inhibitor
    Pulegone-d8 is deuterated labeled Pulegone (HY-N1500). Pulegone is a monoterpene ketone compound widely present in the essential oils of many plants. Pulegone can also be used as a bird repellent. Pulegone has multiple activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-hyperalgesic effects. Pulegone is particularly effective against bacteria of the Salmonella species.
    Pulegone-d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-146223A
    (3R,10R,14aS)-AZD4625
    		Inhibitor 98.00%
    (3R,10R,14aS)-AZD4625 is the isomer of AZD4625 (HY-146223), and can be used as an experimental control. AZD4625 is an orally active, selective irreversible, covalent allosteric GTPase KRASG12C inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 nM. AZD4625 can inhibit the MAPK pathway (with decreased pCRAF, pMEK, and pERK) and the PI3K pathway (with decreased pAKT and pS6), and induce cell apoptosis. AZD4625 has no binding and inhibition of wild-type RAS or isoforms carrying non-KRASG12C mutations. AZD4625 can be used for the study of KRASG12C mutant non-small cell lung cancer.
    (3R,10R,14aS)-AZD4625
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison

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